0_Introduction.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Qu'est-ce que Python ?\n",
    "cf. https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_(langage)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "* Python est un langage de programmation **interprété, multi-paradigme et multiplateformes**"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Hello, world!'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 1,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "\"Hello, world!\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Hello, world!'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "\"Hello, \" + \"world!\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "3"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
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   "source": [
    "1+2"
   ]
  },
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   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
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   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "* Il favorise la **[programmation impérative](https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programmation_imp%C3%A9rative) [structurée](https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programmation_structur%C3%A9e), fonctionnelle et orientée objet**"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "on verra tout cela..."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "* Il est doté d'un \n",
    " * d'un **typage dynamique [fort](https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typage_fort)**,\n",
    " "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "TypeError",
     "evalue": "can only concatenate str (not \"int\") to str",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m                                 Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-4-48a28808618d>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0;34m\"Hello\"\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m+\u001b[0m \u001b[0;36m1\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m: can only concatenate str (not \"int\") to str"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "\"Hello\" + 1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    " * d'une **gestion automatique de la mémoire par ramasse-miettes** et \n",
    " * d'un **système de gestion d'exceptions** ; il est ainsi similaire à Perl, Ruby, Scheme, Smalltalk et Tcl."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "ZeroDivisionError",
     "evalue": "division by zero",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mZeroDivisionError\u001b[0m                         Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-5-9e1622b385b6>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0;36m1\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m/\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m0\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mZeroDivisionError\u001b[0m: division by zero"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "1/0"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "division by zero\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "try:\n",
    "    1/0\n",
    "except Exception as e:\n",
    "    print(e)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Un petit peu d'histoire"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "* Crée par Guido van Rossum, au \"Centrum voor Wiskunde en Informatica\" d'Amsterdam\n",
    "* 20 février 1991 : première version, v. 0.9.0\n",
    "* Décembre 2008 : publication de la version 3.0 \n",
    "* 24 février 2020 : publication de la version 3.8.2"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Licence"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "\"Python Software Foundation Licence\", cf. https://docs.python.org/3/license.html"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Implémentations du langage\n",
    "cf. https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_(langage)#Impl%C3%A9mentations_du_langage"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Quelques distributions\n",
    "\n",
    "* https://www.anaconda.com/distribution/ : multi-plateforme, orientée Data Science\n",
    "* https://winpython.github.io/ : portable, pour Windows\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Principales utilisations de Python"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "* https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-most-famous-software-written-in-Python"
   ]
  }
 ],
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